The thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland in the front of your neck. It plays a vital role in regulating your body's metabolism. When the thyroid doesn't function properly, it can lead to various health issues known as thyroid disorders.
Thyroid disorders are broadly classified into two categories: hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Hypothyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland doesn't produce enough thyroid hormones, resulting in a sluggish metabolism. Hyperthyroidism is when the gland produces too many hormones, leading to an overly active metabolism.
Symptoms vary depending on whether you have hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism.
Hypothyroidism symptoms may include fatigue, weight gain, constipation, dry skin, and feeling cold.
Hyperthyroidism symptoms may include unexpected weight loss, rapid heartbeat, anxiety, and excessive sweating.
Thyroid disorders can affect people of all ages and backgrounds. Risk factors include a family history of thyroid problems, autoimmune disorders, radiation exposure, certain medications, and pregnancy (postpartum thyroiditis).
If you suspect a thyroid disorder, your healthcare provider can perform a simple blood test to check your thyroid hormone levels. Treatment options depend on the results and the type of disorder:
Taking care of your thyroid health is crucial for overall well-being. If you experience concerning symptoms, consult your doctor. With proper diagnosis and treatment, most thyroid disorders are effectively managed. Staying informed about thyroid disorders empowers you to take control of your health.